Modigliani: Identifying the eyes of fighting Fury and naïve Innocence after Trauma or Abuse

These are the faces of fury, abuse, and pain, and the possible emotional reactions to that suffering, as painted by Amadeo Modigliani (1884-1920), the Jewish Italian painter and sculptor that carried out most of his artistic production in France.  His mother's lineage traced back to Baruch Spinoza, the famous Dutch philosopher who argued against Descartes' mind-body dualism, but Amadeo was perhaps most heavily influenced by Friedrich Nietzsche, to the point that his first art teacher, Guglielmo Micheli, whose style Modigliani rejected, would call him endearingly by the nickname "Superman", a reference to Thus Spoke Zarathustra that refers to any person that has undergone the transmutation of all values, the placing upside down of all the values and ethical beliefs our cultures still hold onto dearly, with dire consequences  (see Nietzsche's life-affirming, vitalist guide to living in the post The Transmutation of the Human Spirit, which in my opinion is the most important excerpt in the oft-misunderstood Thus Spoke Zarathustra and perhaps that is why it is its very beginning).

but took the route of believing that chaos, opposition, defiance, and disorder was the route that led intelligence to its most powerful state of creativity.  His self-destructive behavior, particularly his alcohol abused, resulted in his death in Paris at the early age of 35 of tubercular meningitis.   excerpt in  important excerpt  beat Pablo Picasso, Diego Rivera and was then murdered into an early grave.